Transsynaptic mapping of second-order taste neurons in flies by trans-Tango. Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Olfactory behaviors assayed by computer tracking of Drosophila in a four-quadrant olfactometer. Clock and cycle limit starvation-induced sleep loss in Drosophila. Starvation promotes concerted modulation of appetitive olfactory behavior via parallel neuromodulatory circuits. Acetic acid activates distinct taste pathways in Drosophila to elicit opposing, state-dependent feeding responses. The Drosophila mushroom body: from architecture to algorithm in a learning circuit. Differential regulation of the Drosophila sleep homeostat by circadian and arousal inputs. Neuroarchitecture and neuroanatomy of the Drosophila central complex: a GAL4-based dissection of protocerebral bridge neurons and circuits. Identification of neurons with a privileged role in sleep homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster.
Representations of novelty and familiarity in a mushroom body compartment. A neural circuit arbitrates between persistence and withdrawal in hungry Drosophila. Olfactory information processing in Drosophila. Alcohol and sleep I: effects on normal sleep. Neural circuits underlying crying and cry responding in mammals. Night watch in one brain hemisphere during sleep associated with the first-night effect in humans. How deeply does your mutant sleep? Probing arousal to better understand sleep defects in Drosophila. Adaptation to alcoholic fermentation in Drosophila: a parallel selection imposed by environmental ethanol and acetic acid. Extremely sparse olfactory inputs are sufficient to mediate innate aversion in Drosophila. Oviposition preference for and positional avoidance of acetic acid provide a model for competing behavioral drives in Drosophila. Spatial representation of odorant valence in an insect brain. Knaden, M., Strutz, A., Ahsan, J., Sachse, S. Most sleep does not serve a vital function: evidence from Drosophila melanogaster. Ethoscopes: an open platform for high-throughput ethomics. Orexin receptor antagonist-induced sleep does not impair the ability to wake in response to emotionally salient acoustic stimuli in dogs. Arousal threshold in the cat as a function of sleep phase and stimulus significance. Arousal threshold in the rat determined by “meaningful” stimuli. Discriminative responses to stimulation during human sleep. Responsiveness and discrimination during sleep. Awakening latency from sleep for meaningful and non-meaningful stimuli. We offer a prototypical blueprint detailing a circuit involved in this process and its modulation as evidence that the system can be used to explore the cellular underpinnings of how a sleeping brain experiences the world. We also show that the salience of a stimulus during sleep can be modulated by internal states. We show that sleeping vinegar flies, like humans, discern the quality of sensory stimuli and are more likely to wake up in response to salient stimuli. How does a sleeping brain retain the ability to process the quality of sensory information? Here we present a paradigm to study the functional underpinnings of sensory discrimination during sleep in Drosophila melanogaster. Yet some processing of the external world must remain intact, given that a sleeping animal can be awoken by intense stimuli (for example, a loud noise or a bright light) or by soft but qualitatively salient stimuli (for example, the sound of a baby cooing or hearing one’s own name 1, 2, 3). During sleep, most animal species enter a state of reduced consciousness characterized by a marked sensory disconnect.